Becauseexposure to toxicants not only results in mortality but also in multiple sublethal effects, the use of life-table data appears particularly suitable to assess global effects on exposed populations. The present study uses a life table response approach to assess population-level effects of two insecticides used against mosquito larvae, The2–3 yr lag time in response of nontarget insects to larvicide treatment demonstrates the need for long-term studies in wetland ecosystems, and the need to reconsider the conclusions based on previous short-term Studies that these larvicides are environmentally safe. We studied the effects of the mosquito larvicides methoprene and BackgroundBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a gram-positive spore-forming soil bacterium that synthesizes crystalline (Cry) protein, which is toxic and causing pathogenicity against mainly three insect orders: Coleoptera, Diptera, and Lepidoptera. These crystalline protein inclusions, i.e., δ-endotoxins are successfully used as a bio-control agent against 1 ¿Qué es el Bti? El Bti, cuyo nombre científico es Bacillus thuringiensis subespecie israelensis, es una bacteria de origen natural que se encuentra en los suelos. Contiene esporas que producen toxinas que atacan específicamente y sólo afectan a las larvas de mosquito, mosca negra y mosquito de los hongos.La EPA registró cinco cepas Theecological consequences of mosquito control using the larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) are still a matter of debate especially when it comes to adverse effects on non-target but susceptible non-biting midges (Chironomidae). Our work aimed to assess the effects of Bti applied in Bacillusthuringiensis subsp. israelensis ( Bti ) is a naturally occurring soil bacteria used as a microbial insecticide to control the spread of vector-borne diseases, protect public health, and manage insect pest species. Bti was first discovered in a stagnant pond in the Negev Desert of northcentral Israel in 1976 (Margalit and Dean 1985). Ifbreathed in, Bt can move to the lungs, blood, lymph, and kidneys. Levels of Bt decrease quickly one day after exposure. 6. Rats that inhaled Bt israelensis spores for 30 minutes had spores present in their lungs Bacillusthuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive bacterium that produces crystalline protein inclusions (Cry proteins) during the stationary phase, encoded by different cry genes. The mode of action of Cry1 proteins in lepidopterans is well known. B. thuringiensis can be found in different substrates, such as soil, water, plant surfaces, 11Biological Control of Mosquito Larvae by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Mario Ramírez-Lepe 1 and Montserrat Ramírez-Suero 2 1Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, UNIDA, Veracruz, 2Université de Haufe-Alsace, LVBE EA-3991, Colmar, 1Mexico 2France 1. Introduction Chemical insecticides provide many benefits to food production and Bacillusthuringiensis israelensis (B.t.i) and Bacillus sphaericus granules [22] for larvicidal treatments in both public and privat e catch basins has effe ctively reduced Ae. albopictus populations. PFje.